MUGA Scan

A MUGA scan, also known as a multigated acquisition scan, is a medical test used to create images of the heart at specific times while it beats. It is a non-invasive procedure that involves the injection of a radioactive tracer into the bloodstream to visualize the movement of red blood cells in the heart during the scan. The test can be performed while the patient is at rest or during exercise to assess how the heart functions under stress.

The MUGA scan provides valuable information about the heart’s pumping capacity (ejection fraction) and the performance of the lower chambers (ventricles) responsible for pumping blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. It is commonly used to:

1. Identify the cause of heart-related symptoms such as chest pain or difficulty breathing.

2. Assess any heart damage resulting from conditions like heart attacks or certain treatments like chemotherapy.

3. Evaluate the heart’s ability to pump blood efficiently.

Before the procedure, patients are advised to inform their healthcare providers about any allergies, medications (including over-the-counter drugs and supplements), blood disorders, surgeries, medical conditions, and pregnancy or breastfeeding status.

Although the MUGA scan is generally safe, there are some risks associated with it, including the possibility of an allergic reaction to the radioactive tracer or mild pain and redness at the injection site. The test exposes patients to a small amount of radiation, which increases the risk of cancer over a lifetime with multiple exposures, although this risk is generally considered to be minimal.

Before the MUGA scan, patients may need to adjust or temporarily stop certain medications, especially diabetes drugs or blood thinners. They may also need to avoid consuming caffeine-containing beverages and fasting (except for water) if an exercise scan is planned.

During the procedure, the patient lies on an exam table, and an IV is inserted into a vein to administer the radioactive tracer. Electrodes with sticky pads are placed on the chest, arms, and legs to monitor the heart’s electrical activity (ECG). The camera captures images of the heart while the tracer-labeled red blood cells pass through, allowing evaluation of the heart’s pumping function and walls. Patients may be asked to exercise on a treadmill or stationary bike during the scan to observe the heart’s response to stress. After the images are taken, the electrodes and IV are removed.

Following the MUGA scan, patients may need to wait for the image processing, and they should drink plenty of fluids to flush out the tracer from their bodies. The procedure is usually well-tolerated, and patients can resume their normal activities, including driving, immediately after the test.

As with any medical test, patients should follow up with their healthcare providers to receive the results and discuss any concerns or further actions based on the findings of the MUGA scan.