Clinical Hematology Atlas 6th Edition

Description:

Learn how to accurately identify cells at the microscope with Clinical Hematology Atlas, 6th Edition. An excellent companion to Rodak’s Hematology: Clinical Principles and Applications, this award-winning atlas offers complete coverage of the basics of hematologic morphology, including examination of the peripheral blood smear, maturation of the blood cell lines, and information on a variety of clinical disorders. Vivid photomicrographs, schematic diagrams, and electron micrographs clearly illustrate hematology from normal cell maturation to the development of various pathologies so you can be certain you’re making accurate conclusions in the lab.

Schematic diagrams, photomicrographs, and electron micrographs in every chapter visually enhance student understanding of hematologic cellular morphology.
Compact size, concise text, and spiral binding make it easy to carry and reference this atlas in the laboratory.
Chapter on normal newborn peripheral blood morphology covers the normal cells found in neonatal blood.
Chapter on body fluids illustrates the other fluids found in the body besides blood, using images from cytocentrifuged specimens.
The most common cytochemical stains, along with a summary chart for interpretation, are featured in the leukemia chapters to assist in the classification of both malignant and benign leukoproliferative disorders.
Chapter featuring morphologic changes after myeloid hematopoietic growth factors is included in the text.
Morphologic abnormalities coverage in the chapters on erythrocytes and leukocytes, along descriptions of each cell, presents this information in a schematic fashion.
Appendix with comparison tables of commonly confused cells includes lymphocytes versus neutrophilic myelocytes and monocytes versus reactive lymphoctyes to help students see the subtle differences between them.
Glossary of hematologic terms at the end of the book provides a quick reference to easily look up definitions.
NEW! Revised chapters include updates based on extensive reviewer feedback.
NEW! Updated photos reflect the most up-to-date information and latest advances in the field.

PREFACE

Because the emphasis of an atlas is morphology, the Clinical Hematology Atlas is intended to be used with a textbook, such as Rodak’s Hematology, sixth edition, that addresses physiology and diagnosis along with morphology.This atlas

is designed for a diverse audience that includes clinical laboratory science students, medical students, residents, and practitioners. It is also a valuable resource for clinical laboratory practitioners who are being retrained or cross-trained in hematology. It is not intended to be a detailed, comprehensive manual for diagnosis.

In this concise format, every photomicrograph and word has been evaluated for value to the microscopist. All significant information has been excluded in an attempt to maintain focus on significant microscopic findings while correlating this information with clinical diagnosis. What started as a primer for Clinical Laboratory Science students with no previous hematology education has evolved into an internationally recognized reference for multiple levels of expertise, from entry level to practicing professionals.

ORGANIZATION

As is frequently expounded, morphology on a peripheral blood lmis only as good as the quality of the smear and the stain. Chapter 1 reviews smear preparation, staining, and the appropriate area in which to evaluate cell distribution and morphology. A table that summarizes the morphology of leukocytes found in a normal differential, along with multiple examples of each cell type, facilitates early instruction in blood smear review.

Chapter 2 schematically presents hematopoietic features of cell maturation. General cell maturation, along with an electron micrograph with labeled organelles, will help readers correlate the substructures with the appearance of cells under light microscopy. Visualizing normal cellular maturation is essential to the understanding of disease processes.This correlation of schematic, electron micrograph, and Wrightstained morphology is carried throughout the maturation chapters. Figure 2-1 has been formatted to reect recent hematopoietic theory. In addition, the chart aids readers in recognizing the anatomical sites at which each stage of maturation normally occurs.

Chapters 3 to 9 present the maturation of each cell line individually, repeating the respective segment of the overall hematopoietic scheme from Chapter 2, to assist the student in seeing the relationship of each cell line to the whole. In these chapters, each maturation stage is presented as a color print, a schematic, and an electron micrograph. A description of each cell, including overall size, nuclear-tocytoplasmic ratio, morphologic features, and reference ranges in peripheral blood and bone marrow, serves as a convenient summary. The nal gure in each of these chapters summarizes lineage maturation by repeating the hematopoietic segment with the corresponding photomicrographs. Multiple nomenclatures for erythrocyte maturation are used to accommodate use in multiple settings and demographic groups.

Chapters 10 to 12 present discrete cellular abnormalities of erythrocytes, that is, variations in size, color, shape, and distribution, as well as inclusions found in erythrocytes. Each variation is presented along with a description of the abnormality, or composition of the inclusion, and associated disorders.

Because diseases are often combinations of the cellular alterations, Chapter 13 integrates morphologic findings into the diagnostic features of disorders primarily affecting erythrocytes.

In Chapter 14, nuclear and cytoplasmic changes in leukocytes are displayed and correlated with non-malignant leukocyte disorders.

Diseases of excessive or altered production of cells may be caused by maturation arrest, asynchronous development, or proliferation of one cell line, as presented in Chapters 15 to 19. Cytochemical stains are presented with disorders in which they are useful.

The therapeutic use of myeloid growth factors causes morphologic changes that mimic severe infections or malignancies. Chapter 20 presents examples of peripheral blood morphology following G-CSF or GM-CSF. It is the authors’ design that the cellular defects in leukocyte disorders be visually compared with the process of normal hematopoiesis for a more thorough comprehension of normal and altered development. Readers are encouraged to refer to the normal hematopoiesis illustration, Figure 2-1, for comparison of normal and abnormal cells and the progression of diseases.

Microorganisms, including parasites, may be seen on peripheral blood smears. A brief photographic overview is given in Chapter 21. Readers are encouraged to consult a microbiology reference, such as Mahon CM, Lehman DC, Manuselis G: Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology, fth edition, for a more detailed presentation.

Chapter 22 includes photomicrographs that are not categorized into any one particular area, such as fat cells, mitotic gures, metastatic tumor cells, and artifacts.

Chapter 23 describes ndings expected in the peripheral blood of neonates, including anticipated variations in morphology and cellular distribution. Comparison of the hematogone, normal for newborns, with the blast cell of acute leukemia is included.

Chapter 24 is intended to be an overview of the most frequent microscopic findings in body fluids. It is not proposed as a comprehensive review of the cytology of human body fluids but rather a quick reference for the beginning microscopist as well as the seasoned professional.

As with previous editions, the sixth edition features spiral binding, making the atlas more convenient when used at the microscope bench.

All of these chapters combine into what we believe is a comprehensive and valuable resource for any clinical laboratory. The quality of the schematic illustrations, electron micrographs, and color photographs stand for themselves. We hope that this atlas will enrich the learning process for the student and serve as an important reference tool for the practitioner.

EVOLVE

The Evolve website provides free materials for both students and instructors. Instructors have access to an electronic image collection featuring all of the images from the atlas. Students and instructors have access to student review questions and summary tables.

Table of contents :

Cover
IFC
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Reviewers
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
1 Introduction to Peripheral Blood Film Examination
2 Hematopoiesis
3 Erythrocyte Maturation
4 Megakaryocyte Maturation
5 Neutrophil Maturation
6 Eosinophil Maturation
7 Basophil Maturation
8 Monocyte Maturation
9 Lymphocyte Maturation
10 Variations in Size and Color of Erythrocytes
11 Variations in Shape and Distribution of Erythrocytes
12 Inclusions in Erythrocytes
13 Diseases Affecting Erythrocytes
14 Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Changes in Leukocytes
15 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
16 Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms
17 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
18 Myelodysplastic Syndromes
19 Mature Lymphoproliferative Disorders
20 Morphologic Changes After Myeloid Hematopoietic Growth Factors
21 Microorganisms
22 Miscellaneous Cells
23 Normal Newborn Peripheral Blood Morphology
24 Body Fluids
Glossary
Index