Atlas of Sinonasal Tract Pathology

Description:

This book reviews normal anatomy and immunohistochemical profile of sinonasal tract (SNT) and covers histomorphology of infections some of which are unique to Asia, tumor-like lesions, and rapidly evolving spectrum of benign and malignant tumors of SNT. It describes all the entities with the help of over 200 full color photomicrographs with their detailed descriptions. The book includes relevant clinical and radiology photographs and anatomical drawings complemented by short bulleted legends describing the picture and providing relevant information. In addition to surgical pathology, it includes a chapter on the cytology of SNT lesions, which is described rarely in available books and literature. It serves as a concise and informative resource for easy understanding.

The book is written by leading experts in pathology around the world from USA, Europe and Asia. It highlights the expanded role of pathologists in patient care of SNT lesions.

This book is suitable for clinicians, practicing pathologists, faculty, pathology residents and students. This will help the post-graduate students in pathology to understand this area in detail and to be able to answer questions on SNT resection/biopsy cases asked in their board exams of residency.

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Table of contents :

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Editors
1: Anatomy and Histology of Sinonasal Tract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Anatomy
1.3 Histology
1.4 Conclusion
References
2: Radiology of Sinonasal Tract Lesions/Tumours
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Sinusitis
2.2.1 Chronic Sinusitis
2.2.2 Sequelae of Chronic Sinusitis
2.3 Fungal Disease
2.3.1 Non-invasive Forms
2.3.1.1 Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS)
2.3.1.2 Fungal Ball (Mycetoma)
2.3.2 Invasive Forms
2.3.2.1 Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
2.3.2.2 Chronic Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
2.4 Sinonasal Tumours
2.4.1 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2.4.2 Adenocarcinoma
2.4.3 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
2.4.4 Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma
2.4.5 Olfactory Neuroblastoma
2.4.6 Lymphomas
2.4.7 Rhabdomyosarcomas
2.5 Miscellaneous Entities
2.5.1 Sinonasal Tract Angiofibroma (STA)
2.5.2 Fibro-osseous Lesions
2.5.2.1 Fibrous Dysplasia (FD)
2.5.2.2 Ossifying Fibroma (OF)
2.6 Conclusion
References
3: Endonasal and Open Approaches to Sinonasal Tumours
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Open Approaches to Paranasal Sinus and Anterior Skull Base
3.2.1 Soft Tissue Approaches
3.2.1.1 Sublabial Approach
3.2.1.2 Lateral Rhinotomy:
3.2.2 Skeletal Approaches to Paranasal Sinus Pathologies
3.2.2.1 Maxillectomy
Total Maxillectomy (Fig. 3.2)
Radical Maxillectomy
Rehabilitation Following Maxillectomy
3.2.2.2 Fronto-ethmoidectomy
3.2.2.3 Transmaxillary Approach
3.2.2.4 Maxillary Swing
3.2.2.5 Cranio-facial Resection (Fig. 3.6).
3.2.2.6 Transbasal Approach (Fig. 3.7).
3.2.2.7 Preauricular Subtemporal Approach (Fig. 3.8).
3.3 Endoscopic Endonasal Approach
3.4 Conclusion
References
4: Cytology of Sinonasal Tract Lesions/Tumors
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Reactive and Infectious Lesions
4.2.1 Infectious Lesions
4.2.1.1 Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
4.2.1.2 Sinus Mycetoma (Fungus Ball)
4.2.1.3 Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
4.2.1.4 Nasal Tuberculosis
4.2.1.5 Nasal Leprosy
4.2.1.6 Rhinoscleroma
4.2.1.7 Histoplasmosis
4.2.1.8 Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
4.2.2 Reactive Lesions
4.2.2.1 Sarcoidosis
4.2.2.2 Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
4.2.2.3 Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy (Rosai–Dorfman Disease)
4.3 Other Nonneoplastic Lesions
4.3.1 Cystic Lesions
4.3.1.1 Mucocele
4.3.1.2 Dermoid Cyst
4.4 Epithelial Neoplasms
4.4.1 Benign and Low-Grade Epithelial Lesions
4.4.2 Malignant Epithelial Tumors
4.4.2.1 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Non-keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Spindle Cell Carcinoma
Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma
4.4.2.2 Non-SCC Basaloid/Round Cell Epithelial Tumors
SMARCB1 (INI-1)-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma
NUT Carcinoma
Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma
4.4.2.3 Adenocarcinomas
Intestinal-Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma
Non-Intestinal Type Adenocarcinoma
4.4.2.4 Neuroendocrine Carcinomas
4.5 Salivary Gland-Type Tumors (for Details, See Chap. 9)
4.5.1 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
4.5.2 Pleomorphic Adenoma
4.6 Mesenchymal Neoplasms
4.7 Neuroectodermal and Melanocytic Neoplasms
4.7.1 Ewing Sarcoma
4.7.2 Olfactory Neuroblastoma
4.7.3 Mucosal Melanoma
4.8 Other Sinonasal Neoplasms
4.8.1 Sinonasal Ameloblastoma
4.8.2 Chordoma
4.9 Hematolymphoid Tumors
4.9.1 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
4.9.2 Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal-Type
4.10 Conclusion
References
5: Infective Pathology of the Sinonasal Tract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Acute and Chronic Rhinosinusitis
5.3 Sinonasal Fungal Infections
5.3.1 Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
5.3.2 Sinonasal Mucormycosis
5.3.3 Entomophthoromycosis
5.3.4 Other Rare Fungal Infections
5.4 Sinonasal Bacterial Infections
5.4.1 Rhinoscleroma
5.4.2 Tuberculosis
5.4.3 Leprosy
5.4.4 Botryomycosis
5.4.5 Syphilis
5.5 Protozoal Parasites
5.5.1 Leishmaniasis
5.6 Rhinosporidiosis
5.7 Conclusion
References
6: Tumor-Like Lesions of Sinonasal Tract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Sinonasal Cysts
6.3 Inflammatory Polyp
6.3.1 Antrochoanal Polyp
6.4 Sinonasal Hamartomas
6.5 Paranasal Sinus Mucocele
6.6 Necrotizing sialometaplasia
6.7 Organized Hematoma
6.8 Amyloidosis
6.9 Conclusion
References
7: Benign Epithelial Tumors of Sinonasal Tract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Clinical Features
7.3 Histopathology
7.4 Differential Diagnosis
7.5 Molecular Pathology
7.6 Dysplasia and Carcinoma Ex-Sinonasal Papilloma
7.7 Prognosis
7.8 Conclusion
References
8: Malignant Epithelial Tumors of Sinonasal Tract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
8.3 Sinonasal Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma
8.4 NUT Carcinoma
8.5 HPV-Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma (HMSC)
8.6 Adenocarcinoma
8.6.1 Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinomas (ITAC)
8.6.2 Non-intestinal-Type Adenocarcinomas
8.7 SWI/SNF Complex Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma
8.7.1 SMARCB1 Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma
8.7.2 SMARCA4 Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma
8.8 Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinomas (SNUC)
8.9 Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Tumors
8.10 Conclusion
References
9: Salivary Gland Tumors of the Sinonasal Tract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Pleomorphic Adenoma
9.3 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
9.4 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
9.5 Others
9.5.1 Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma
9.5.2 Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma
9.5.3 Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma
9.5.4 Salivary Duct Carcinoma
9.6 Conclusion
References
10: Benign and Borderline Sinonasal Mesenchymal Tumors
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Benign Mesenchymal Tumors
10.2.1 Leiomyoma
10.2.2 Schwannoma
10.2.3 Neurofibroma
10.2.4 Lobular Capillary Hemangioma
10.2.5 Osteoma
10.2.6 Sinonasal Tract Angiofibroma
10.3 Borderline Mesenchymal Tumors
10.3.1 Desmoid-Type Fibromatoses
10.3.2 Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma
10.3.3 Solitary Fibrous Tumor
10.4 Conclusion
References
11: Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors of Sinonasal Tract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma
11.3 Chordoma
11.4 Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor
11.5 Conclusion
References
12: Hematolymphoid Tumors of the Sinonasal Tract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Large Cell Size
12.2.1 Large B Cell Lymphomas
12.2.2 Plasmablastic Lymphoma
12.3 Medium-Sized Cells
12.3.1 Mature T Cell Lymphomas
12.3.2 Pleomorphic T Cell Lymphomas
12.4 Polymorphic Infiltrates
12.5 Histiocytic Lesions
12.6 Small Cells or Normal-Appearing Cells
12.6.1 Low Grade B Cell Lymphomas
12.7 Plasma Cell Neoplasms
12.8 Reactive/Inflammatory
12.9 Conclusion
References
13: Neuroectodermal and Melanocytic Tumors of the Sinonasal Tract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Ewing Sarcoma
13.3 Adamantinoma-Like Ewing Sarcoma
13.4 Mucosal Melanoma
13.5 Olfactory neuroblastoma
13.6 Olfactory Carcinoma
13.7 Teratocarcinosarcoma
13.8 Conclusion
References
14: Secondary/Metastatic Tumors of Sinonasal Tract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Renal Cell Carcinoma
14.3 Lung Carcinoma
14.4 Breast Carcinoma
14.5 Thyroid Carcinoma
14.6 Colorectal Carcinoma
14.7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
14.8 Germ Cell Tumors
14.9 Metastatic Melanoma
14.10 Conclusion
References