PICC Insertion

Introduction

A Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) is a specialized type of intravenous (IV) access that efficiently delivers medications and fluids into the bloodstream, allowing them to circulate throughout the body. The PICC consists of a long, thin, flexible tube, or catheter, which is carefully inserted into a vein within the arm or leg. The catheter’s journey within the vein culminates in the superior vena cava (SVC), a major vein located just outside the heart. To confirm correct placement, a chest X-ray is often performed after the PICC is inserted.

It’s important to note that only healthcare providers specifically trained in PICC insertion should carry out this procedure. PICCs can be inserted for various purposes, including short-term or long-term treatment in different healthcare settings.

PICC Insertion Procedure

A PICC insertion involves the following steps:

1. Pre-Procedure Preparation:

• Provide your healthcare provider with information about allergies, medications, medical history, and any previous reactions to anesthesia.
• Discuss the need to adjust or halt certain medications, especially blood thinners and diabetes medications.
• Follow instructions regarding fasting or dietary restrictions before the procedure.
• If you’ll be discharged immediately after the procedure, arrange for a responsible adult to accompany you home, as driving is usually prohibited.

2. Preventing Infection:

• Your healthcare provider may take measures to minimize infection risk, including hair removal at the insertion site and skin cleansing with antibacterial soap.

3. Insertion Process:

• Your healthcare provider will identify a suitable vein, often aided by ultrasound or X-ray guidance.
• You might receive a sedative to relax or a local anesthetic to numb the area.
• A tourniquet is applied to your arm to control blood flow.
• Sterile drapes might be used to maintain a sterile field.
• A small needle is inserted into the vein, and a thin guidewire is threaded into the SVC.
• The catheter is then advanced over the guidewire and positioned, after which the guidewire is removed.
• The catheter is flushed, and blood may be drawn to verify its correct placement.
• If inserted without X-ray guidance, an X-ray may be performed to confirm the catheter’s position.
• The PICC is secured to the skin using stitches, tape, or an adhesive device.
• A sterile dressing is applied over the PICC insertion site to prevent infection.

4. Post-Procedure Care:

• Your vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and blood oxygen levels) will be monitored until you’re discharged.
• You’ll receive detailed instructions on PICC care.
• If you were given a sedative, refrain from driving or operating machinery until deemed safe by your healthcare provider.

Summary

A Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) is a specialized IV access route for administering medications and fluids throughout the body.

The PICC, a thin, flexible catheter, is placed in a vein in the arm or leg, guided to the superior vena cava near the heart.

Adhere to post-procedure care guidelines provided by your healthcare provider.

This information is meant to complement advice from your healthcare provider and should be discussed if you have any questions or concerns.