Pediatric Solid Organ Transplantation: A Practical Handbook

Description:

This book covers all the protocols of pediatric solid organ transplantation in a practical format. It includes detailed protocols of managing a child during pre and post-transplant namely liver, kidney, heart, intestine and pancreas. Chapters include algorithms, figures and protocols in tabulated format. It also provides essential information on anatomy and physiology of relevant topics. The editors and authors are leading experts in the field from across the world.

This practical book serves as a useful and step-by-step guide for pediatricians, nephrologists, intensivists and transplant physicians and surgeons.

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About the Editors
Ron Shapiro is the Surgical Director of the kidney and pancreas transplant program at Mount Sinai’s Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, New York, USA. Dr. Shapiro, a leading surgeon with more than 30 years of experience in the field of transplantation, was trained at the University of Pittsburgh under Dr. Thomas E. Starzl, a transplant pioneer. Prior to returning to Mount Sinai, Dr. Shapiro was a professor of surgery at the University of Pittsburgh and the Robert J. Corry Chair in Transplantation Surgery at the Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Pittsburgh, USA. After 26 years with the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Shapiro left his endowed chair in Pittsburgh to return to The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, where he had completed his internship and residency. Dr. Shapiro graduated with his medical degree from the Stanford School of Medicine. He is board certified in surgery with special expertise in renal transplant and pancreas transplantation. He is also Secretary of the Transplantation Society, and former president of the International Pediatric Transplantation Association (until March 2015). He is also on the editorial boards of Pediatric Transplantation and is Editor in Chief of Clinical Transplantation. Dr. Shapiro has co-authored four books: Atlas of Organ Transplantation, Renal Transplantation, Pancreatic Transplantation, and Living Donor Organ Transplantation. He has published more than 440 articles, 75 book chapters, and has given more than 560 lectures. Dr. Shapiro has been repeatedly named by Castle Connolly, Ltd. as one of “America’s Top Doctors.

Minnie M. Sarwal is Medical Director of the Kidney Pancreas Transplant Program at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and a Professor in Residence in Surgery, with courtesy appointments in Medicine and Pediatrics at UCSF. She is the Director of the Precision Transplant Lab, an NIH and Chan Zuckerberg funded translational lab. She has an Adjunct appointment at the University of Berkeley as a Capstone mentor of the Masters in Translational Medicine Dr. Sarwal is a Consulting Professor at Stanford University where she was Medical Director of the Pediatric Kidney Transplant program, and Professor in Pediatrics, Immunology, and Surgery. Dr. Sarwal’s research interests include clinical trials, bioinformatics, translational immunogenetics, genomics, and proteomics. Dr. Sarwal received her M.D. from India, completed her residency in the UK, and a fellowship in pediatric and adult nephrology at Guy’s Hospital, London, UK. She holds a Ph.D. in molecular genetics from Cambridge University (Christ’s College), under the mentorship of Nobel Laureate Sydney Brenner; a diploma in child health from London, UK; membership of the Royal College of Physicians and elected fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, UK.
Dr. Sarwal is an internationally recognized leader in the fields of renal and transplant translational medicine and immunology. She has founded multiple companies, spun out of academia and IP generated in her lab, with an emphasis on personalized diagnostics in transplant medicine.
Dr. Sarwal has been an Asian-American and Women’s Mentor at Stanford University, is a Capstone mentor of the Masters in Translational Medicine program at Haas/Berkeley and UCSF, and currently the Senior Treasurer of The Transplantation Society. She is the Chief Editor of Frontiers in Nephrology and associate editor for Clinical Transplantation. Dr. Sarwal has been the recipient of numerous awards and distinctions, inclusive of the NKF Cuneo Richardson Award for Scientific Excellence and the TTS-Roche Award for Outstanding Transplant Research. Dr. Sarwal serves on the FDA Science Board, NIH study sections and Chairs the Congressionally Directed Research Tissue/Transplant Program for the Department of Defense.
Rupesh Raina is an Adult-Pediatric Kidney Disease/Hypertension Nephrologist at Akron Children’s Hospital, and Akron General Medical Center at Cleveland Clinic Foundation. He is a Professor of Medicine and Professor of Pediatrics at Neomed Medical University and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. He is Council Member for Facility of Internal Medicine Council at Neomed. Dr. Raina is M-4 director for Neomed College of Medicine. Dr. Raina is the Pediatric Education Committee Member for the International Society of Nephrology, International, International Pediatric Transplant Association. He is Fellow of the National Kidney Foundation and the American Society of Nephrology. Additionally, Dr. Raina serves the National Kidney Foundation Advisory Board NKF, Ohio. Dr. Raina’s practice includes care of patients with disorders of the kidney including chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, tubular disorders, cystic kidney disease, kidney malformations, neonatal AKI, kidney stones, and hypertension. He also provides medical supervision to dialysis treatments, plasma exchange, and kidney transplantation in adults and children. Dr. Raina’s clinical research interest includes transition of adolescent with chronic renal diseases to adulthood care, renal replacement therapies in acute renal failure, bone marrow transplant, and inherited metabolic diseases. Basic science research includes but not limited to identify noninvasive biomarkers (urine endothelin (ET-1) and others) to predict ADPKD disease progression.
Sidharth Kumar Sethi is currently Senior Consultant, Pediatric Nephrology and Pediatric Renal Transplant Medicine, Kidney and Urology Institute, Medanta, The Medicity, India. He was trained as a fellow (International Pediatric Nephrology Association Fellowship) and senior resident in pediatric nephrology at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India and Division of Pediatric Nephrology and

Transplant Immunology, Cedars Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, California. His main areas of interests are acute kidney injury, dialysis, and pediatric renal transplantation. He has been actively involved in the care of children with all kinds of complex renal disorders, including acute kidney injury, dialysis, nephrotic syndrome, tubular disorders, urinary tract infections, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and renal transplantation. He has been a part of 8-member writing committee for the Indian guidelines of Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome and expert committee involved in the formulation of guidelines of pediatric renal disorders including Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome and urinary tract infections. He has more than 150 indexed publications in pediatric nephrology and chapters in reputed nephrology textbooks. He is a part of the Board of Directors, PCRRT-ICONIC Foundation, a foundation which aims to create awareness and spread education regarding critical care pediatric nephrology. He is Editor, Springer’s Handbook of Critical Care Pediatric Nephrology & Pediatric Dialysis along with Dr. Bunchman, Dr. Raina, and Dr. McCulloch. He was awarded in 2014 by Case Western Reserve University, for his outstanding contributions to the field of Pediatric Nephrology.

Table of contents :

Foreword
Contents
About the Editors
Part I: Renal Transplant
1: Pediatric Kidney Transplantation: A Historic View
1.1 The Triangulation Technique
1.2 An Immunologic Barrier
1.3 “Science Fiction”: The Beginnings of Human Transplantation
1.4 Breaking the Barrier
1.5 Youthful Rebellion and Tissue Typing
1.6 “It Seemed Too Good to be True”: Pharmacologic Immunosuppression
1.7 A Framework for Allocation
1.8 “The Greatest Application”: Pediatric Transplantation
References
2: Transplant Immunobiology
2.1 Introduction
2.2 EC Activation Starts before Transplant
2.3 The Grafted Organ Comes from an Ischemic Period: Role of the Hypoxic Phase and of Reperfusion
2.4 Endothelial Cells Talk with the Immunological System
2.5 T and B Cells Are the Main Effectors of Acute Rejection
2.6 The Pathways of T Cell Allorecognition
2.7 T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity
2.8 The Costimulatory System
2.8.1 The CD28:B7 Family
2.8.2 The TNF-Related Family
2.9 Adhesion Molecules
2.10 B Cells’ Role in Transplantation
2.11 Plasma Cells
2.12 Cells Participating in the Immune Response: Not Only T and B Cells
2.13 Dendritic Cells in Allograft Rejection
2.13.1 Which DC: From the Donor’s or the Recipient’s?
2.14 Innate Immune Response
2.15 Memory Can be Present Also in Non-lymphoid Cells
2.16 Tubular Epithelial Cells as Immunoregulator
2.17 Extracellular Vesicles Mediate Cellular Cross Talk between Immune System and Graft
2.18 Role of Antibodies
2.18.1 How Antibodies Damage the Graft
2.18.2 Clinical Effects
2.19 Role of Complement
References
3: Deceased Donor Allocation Policy and Kidney Allocation System on Young Pediatric Recipients
3.1 Kidney Transplant’s Impact on Young Pediatric Recipients
3.2 Deceased Donors for Pediatric Recipients
3.2.1 Ethical Arguments for Pediatric Priority for Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation
3.3 The “Old” and “New” Allocation Systems
3.3.1 Share 35
3.3.2 Changes in Pediatric Priority under KAS
3.4 The KAS Effect on Young Recipients
3.5 Eliminating Donation Service Area
3.6 Conclusion
References
4: Donor-Recipient Size Mismatch in Pediatric Renal Transplantation
4.1 Cause of Donor-Recipient Size Mismatch
4.2 Overcoming Hemodynamic Imbalance
4.3 Surgical Techniques
4.4 Graft Survival and Adaptation
References
5: Medical Evaluation of the Living Donor for Pediatric Kidney Transplantation

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