Genital Herpes Simplex Virus—An Updated Review
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- Title: Genital Herpes Simplex Virus—An Updated Review
- Author: Saida Omarova, MD*, Aileen Cannon, MD, Wendy Weiss, DO, Adrienne Bruccoleri, DNP, Joseph Puccio, MD
- Publisher: Elsevier Inc
- Publication: 2022
- Language: English
- Pages: 14
- Format: PDF
- File size: 267 KB
- DOI: 10.1016/j.yapd.2022.03.010
The herpes virus was named by the Greek physician Hippocrates who called it herpes because the lesions appeared near each other and were vesicular. Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, and Gammaherpesvirinae are subfamilies of the human herpes virus family. The Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily includes the simplex viruses—HSV-1 and HSV-2—and varicellovirus—varicella zoster virus. There are more than 200 members of the Herpesviridae family capable of infecting different species, 8 of which are known to cause disease in humans. The simplex viruses can cause lifelong genital infections, and despite the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in the United States decreasing in the past 20 years, infections with these viruses continue to contribute to significant clinical and psychological morbidities.
Key points
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Genital herpes is a common STI in the United States that is often unrecognized.
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The prevalence of both herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 has decreased in recent years.
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Increasingly, new genital herpes infections are caused by HSV-1.
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Primary genital herpes infection in pregnant women is responsible for most of the neonatal transmission.
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Treatment with nucleoside analogs reduces the frequency and severity of primary and episodic HSV infection.
Introduction
The herpes virus was named by the Greek physician Hippocrates who called it herpes because the lesions appeared near each other and were vesicular. Herpes is derived from the Greek word herpein , which means reptile, or to creep. Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae and Gammaherpesvirinae are subfamilies of the human herpesvirus family. The Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily includes the simplex viruses-HSV-1 and 2 and Varicellovirus-varicella zoster virus (VZV). There are more than 200 members of the Herpesviridae family, which are capable of infecting different species, 8 of which are known to cause disease in humans [
]. The simplex viruses can cause lifelong genital infections and despite the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in the United States decreasing in the past 20 years, infections with these viruses continue to contribute to significant clinical and psychological morbidities.
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