Fundamentals of Hernia Radiology

Description:

This book offers a complete focus on the radiographic analysis of the abdominal wall and hernias. An estimated 20 million hernias are repaired annually throughout the world. As the technology utilized to complete hernia repairs becomes more complex, surgeons are required to have a more thorough understanding of the radiographic anatomy and diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hernias.  Furthermore, the amount that now goes into the preoperative planning of hernias for complex repairs (such robotic and open transversus abdominis muscle release procedures) requires an understanding of radiology and the ability to identify nuances of anatomy offered by the imaging.  The use of mesh and extent of re-do hernia repairs has also complicated radiographic evaluation of hernias.

The text is a comprehensive review of abdominal wall imaging broken down into individual types of hernia. Each hernia type is discussed with consideration to the best type of imaging evaluation, unique radiographic findings and considerations prior to repair. Representative images, diagrams and videos are used to point out anatomy and features of the hernia. This text offers the first-of-its-kind standardized approach to evaluating hernias radiographically. Most importantly, each hernia and chapter is approached with the surgeon in mind, meaning, authors explain the radiology based on anatomy and with a plan for surgical repair on the horizon. Select chapters include illuminating videos to give context to the text.

This is an ideal guide for practicing surgeons and trainees treating patients with hernias.

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Table of contents :

Preface
Contents
Contributors
1: Computed Tomography (CT) Scan Basics
Why CT Imaging?
How Do We Get CT Images?
Slice Thickness and Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR)
Window Width and Window Level
Contrast
CT Dose and Exposure Mitigation
Challenges of Imaging Large Patients
Imaging Artifacts on CT
References
2: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Basics
Introduction
Basic MRI Principles
Normal Pelvic Anatomy on MRI
MRI Protocol for Groin Pain
MRI Pathology
Osteitis Pubis
Rectus Abdominis Strain
Adductor Tendon Syndromes
Rectus Abdominis/Adductor Aponeurosis Injury
Rectus Abdominis/Adductor Aponeurotic Plate Disruption
Inguinal Hernias
Confounding Pathologies
Conclusion
Bibliography
3: Ultrasonography Basics
Introduction
Patient Selection
Ultrasound Scanning
General Overview
Ultrasound Probe Options
Console Basics
Ultrasound Procedure
Clinical Pearls
Bibliography
Suggested Readings
4: Standardizing the Approach to Hernia Radiology
Introduction
Standard Imaging Techniques
Diagnosis of Hernia
Preoperative Evaluation and Surgical Planning
Intraoperative Care
Postoperative Management and Assessment for Complications
Long-term Follow-up and Evaluation for Recurrence
Advanced Image Processing Techniques and Radiomics
Standardized Reporting of the Abdominal Wall
Conclusion
References
5: Normal Radiographic Anatomy of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Introduction:
Anatomy of Anterior Abdominal Wall
Muscle Layers
Blood Supply
Nerves
Lymphatics
Physiology
Important Anatomical Regions
Space of Bogros and Space of Retzius
Important Anatomical Triangles and Landmarks
Critical View of Myopectineal Orifice
Imaging
Overview
Ultrasound
Background
Technique
Visualization of Different Types of Hernias
Computer Tomography (CT)
Background
Techniques for Visualization of Different Types of Abdominal Hernias
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Background
Technique for Abdominal Wall Visualization
Conclusion
References
6: Normal Anatomy: Computed Tomography Scan
Introduction
Abdominal Wall Overview
Radiographic Regions
Central/Middle Abdominal Wall Region
Midline
Linea Alba/Diastasis Recti
Umbilicus and Epigastrium
Superior Region
Inferior Region
Lateral Abdominal Wall Regions
Conclusion
Suggested Reading
7: Normal Anatomy: Ultrasonography
Introduction
General Approach to Using Ultrasound
Ultrasound Anatomy: Normal Abdomen
Ultrasound Anatomy: Indirect Hernia
Ultrasound Anatomy: Direct Hernia
Ultrasound Anatomy: Femoral Hernia
Ultrasound Anatomy: Ventral Hernia
Umbilical Hernias
Epigastric and Hypogastric Hernias
Incisional Hernias
Ultrasound Anatomy: Obturator Hernia
Ultrasound Anatomy: Spigelian Hernia
Conclusion
Bibliography
8: Normal Anatomy: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Why MR Imaging?
How Are MR Images Obtained?
MR Sequences and Protocols
MR Contrast
MR Challenges and Limitations
MR Safety and Risks
Summary
References
9: Hallmarks of Incarcerated and Strangulated Hernias

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