Diagnosis of Lameness in Dogs

Accessible and easy-to-understand step-by-step guide to the diagnosis of lameness in dogs

Diagnosis of Lameness in Dogs provides general practice vets with a practical, step-by-step guide to performing the orthopedic diagnostic exam, including basic diagnostic imaging and advanced techniques such as CT, MRI, ultrasound, and arthroscopy, and arriving at a correct diagnosis. Treatment options are briefly summarized with the focus of the book being on diagnostics – because general practitioners will generally refer lameness cases. This book therefore provides guidance on possible causes of lameness and when to refer, and perhaps more critically, when not to refer.

Overall, the text enables general practice veterinarians and veterinary students to develop confidence in accurately diagnosing causes of lameness. More than 600 color images depicting the procedures are included throughout the text. A companion website provides video clips of specific lameness conditions to aid in reader comprehension and information retention.

Written by well-known orthopedic surgeons working in the area of lameness, Diagnosis of Lameness in Dogs also includes information on:
General examinations, providing a systematic approach to the examination ensures that multiple problems are not missedImmediate steps to provide urgent care to severely traumatized dogs with hemorrhaging wounds and unstable/open fracturesSystemic conditions, neurological disorders, and oncologic diseases that need to be ruled out before arriving at a diagnosis of the problemSpecific conditions and diagnostic procedures for the thoracic limb, including bone disease, carpal/distal joints, the elbow joint, and the shoulder jointSpecific conditions and diagnostic procedures for the pelvic limb, including bone disease, tarsal/distal joints, the stifle joint, and the hipar joint
The first book to cover lameness diagnosis in detail, Diagnosis of Lameness in Dogs is a highly useful resource for veterinarians and students interested in improving their orthopedic diagnostic skills through gaining a foundation of relevant knowledge and an understanding of how to apply this knowledge in a field setting.

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Preface

There are books on veterinary medicine that we rely on. But as we grow older and more impatient, we realize that we want a practical book with more pictures and videos than words. So, this is a book written by practicing veterinary orthopedic surgeons. We hope people short on time and patience find this book practical and that it makes it easy to understand the principles. The fundamentals are repeated over and over in different chapters. This is a real‐world textbook for students, practicing veterinarians, interns, and residents.

In this book, practical methods are presented with many pictures, videos, and radiographs (sometimes supplemented by CT scan, ultrasound, MRI, and arthroscopy) of actual patients. Accurate diagnosis is a basis for all treatment options.
This textbook discusses the importance of a “problem‐oriented stepwise approach.”

First, identify the primary problem. Then, list differentials based on the size and age of the canine patient. However, do not forget to rule out nonorthopedic conditions, including medical, oncologic, and neurologic disorders.

Four practical steps are an essential part of the process for an accurate diagnosis:
● Differential list (prioritize common problems based on age and size).
● Observation (posture, sit, gait, etc.).
● Palpation (careful and thorough physical examination).
● Diagnostic imaging (mainly radiographs).

There are also links to some awesome videos, which are a crucial part of this textbook. Do check them out.

Textbooks about treatment options and surgical complications are in the works – stay tuned!

Table of contents :
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Dedication
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Companion Website
Section 1 Orthopedic Examination
Chapter 1 General Examination
1.1 General Strategy
1.2 Chief Complaint and History
1.3 Rule-Outs: Systemic (Medical) Conditions and Neurologic Disorders
1.4 Differential Diagnosis
1.5 Orthopedic Examination Form
Reference
Chapter 2 Orthopedic Observation
2.1 Distant Observation
2.2 Sit Observation
2.3 Gait Observation
Reference
Chapter 3 Orthopedic Palpation 1: Standing Examination
3.1 General and Neurologic Examination
3.2 Thoracic Limb
3.3 Pelvic Limb
Reference
Chapter 4 Orthopedic Palpation 2: Recumbent Examination
4.1 Thoracic Limb
4.2 Pelvic Limb
Reference
Section 2 Common Orthopedic Conditions
Chapter 5 Thoracic Limb Conditions
5.1 Common General Conditions
5.2 Shoulder Region: Growing Dogs
5.3 Shoulder Region: Mature Dogs
5.4 Elbow Region and Antebrachium: Growing Dogs
5.5 Elbow Region: Mature Dogs
5.6 Carpal Region and Distal Limb: Growing Dogs
5.7 Carpal Region and Distal Limb: Mature Dogs
Reference
Chapter 6 Pelvic Limb Conditions
6.1 Common General Conditions
6.2 Hip Region: Growing Dogs
6.3 Hip (and Pelvic) Region: Mature Dogs
6.4 Stifle Region: Growing Dogs
6.5 Stifle Region: Mature Dogs
6.6 Tarsal Region and Distal Limb: Growing Dogs
6.7 Tarsal Region and Distal Limb: Mature Dogs
Reference
Section 3 Case Discussion
Chapter 7 Congenital/Developmental Conditions and Deformities
7.1 Congenital Elbow (Radial) Luxation
7.2 Congenital Elbow (Ulnar) Luxation
7.3 Angular Limb Deformity/Elbow Subluxation
7.4 Carpal Laxity Syndrome
7.5 Genu Recurvatum (Congenital Stifle Hyperextension)
7.6 Tibial Deformity (Pes Varus)
7.7 Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy
Chapter 8 Thoracic Limb Lameness in Young Dogs
8.1 Elbow Dysplasia (Medial Coronoid Disease)
8.2 Shoulder Osteochondrosis Dissecans
8.3 Physeal Fractures, Avulsion Fractures
Chapter 9 Thoracic Limb Lameness in Mature Dogs
9.1 Elbow Osteoarthritis
9.2 Shoulder Tendinopathy
9.3 Shoulder Luxation in Small Dogs
9.4 Carpal Hyperextension
9.5 Neoplasia
9.6 Immune-Mediated Poly-arthropathy
Chapter 10 Pelvic Limb Lameness in Young Dogs
10.1 Medial Patellar Luxation
10.2 Lateral Patellar Luxation
10.3 Hip Dysplasia
10.4 Femoral Head Necrosis (Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease) and Related Conditions
10.5 Tarsal/Stifle Osteochondritis Dissecans
10.6 Physeal Fractures, Avulsion Fractures
Chapter 11 Pelvic Limb Lameness in Mature Dogs
11.1 Cruciate Disease
11.2 Cruciate Disease and Medial Patellar Luxation
11.3 Hip Osteoarthritis
11.4 Lumbosacral Disease
11.5 Hip Luxation
11.6 Calcaneal Tendon Pathology
11.7 Neoplasia
11.8 Immune-Mediated Poly-arthropathy, Septic Arthritis
Chapter 12 Multiple Limb Lameness
12.1 Poly-arthropathy
12.2 Bilateral Stifle Osteochondritis Dissecans and Cruciate Disease
12.3 Bilateral Hip Luxation, Cruciate Disease, and Medial Patellar Luxation
12.4 Bilateral Hip Osteoarthritis and Cruciate Disease
Index
EULA