Description
Table of contents
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Cover image
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Title page
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Table of Contents
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Any screen, Any time, Anywhere
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Copyright
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Preface
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Contributors
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1. Introduction to Mechanisms of Allergic Diseases
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Innate Immunity
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Adaptive Immunity
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Immunoglobulin Structure and Function
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Immunoglobulins and Human Disease
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Immune Tolerance
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Cytokines and Chemokines in Allergic Inflammation
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Biology of Immune Cells
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Contribution of Structural Cells to Allergic Inflammation
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Cytokine Networks in Allergic Inflammation
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Microbiome and Immune System
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Food Allergy as a Model for Allergic Diseases
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Resolution of Allergic Inflammation and Major Pathways
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References
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2. Precision Medicine
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Precision Medicine: A Brief History and Definition
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Evidence-Based Versus Precision Medicine
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Components of Precision Medicine in Allergic Disorders
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Precision Medicine in the Management of Allergic Disorders
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Biologics and Precision Medicine
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Challenges in Precision Medicine
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Summary
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References
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3. Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Epidemiological Definitions of Allergic Diseases: Part of the Challenge
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Estimates of Worldwide Prevalence of Asthma, Rhinitis, Ad, and Food Allergy
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Trends in Prevalence Over Time
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Risk Factors for Asthma and Allergic Diseases
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Concluding Remarks
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References
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4. Indoor and Outdoor Allergens and Pollutants
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Allergens and Allergenicity
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Indoor and Outdoor Allergen Sources
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Aerobiology of Indoor and Outdoor Allergen Sources
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Allergen Monitoring—Whole Spores, Pollens, and Mites
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Measuring Specific Allergens
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The Chemical Nature of Allergens
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Allergen Nomenclature and Allergen Databases
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Outdoor Allergens
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Indoor Allergens
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Allergens and Allergenicity
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Environmental Modifiers of Allergic Sensitization and Disease
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Environmental Air Pollution, Allergic Sensitization, and Disease
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Types of Pollutant and Their Effects on Allergens, Allergic Sensitization, and Asthma
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Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Allergens
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Conclusions
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Acknowledgments
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References
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5. Principles of Allergy Diagnosis
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Introduction
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Use of IgE Sensitization Tests in Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Clinical Features
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Patient Evaluation
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Referral
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Conclusions
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References
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6. Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Historical Perspective
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Indications for Specific Allergen Immunotherapy
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Clinical Efficacy with Specific Allergens
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Specificity of Allergen Immunotherapy
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Evidence of Disease Modification
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Pharmacoeconomics of Sit
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Immunologic Response to Inhalant Sit
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Overview of the Immune Response to Immunotherapy
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Indications for Sit
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Sublingual Immunotherapy
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Modified Allergen Extracts and Adjuvants (Box 6.6)
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The Future of Slit
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Conclusions
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References
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Suggested Reading
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7. Asthma
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction and Overview
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Historical Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Clinical Features and Phenotypes of Asthma
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Evaluation and Diagnosis
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Asthma Management
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Acute Asthma and Referral for Hospital Care
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Conclusions
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Asthma Diagnosis and Monitoring
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References
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8. Allergic Rhinitis and Conjunctivitis
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Historic Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Treatment
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Indications for Referral
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Concluding Remarks
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References
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9. Drug Allergy
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Historical Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Clinical Features (Phenotypes)
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Urticaria And Angioedema (Immediate Type)
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Maculopapular Exanthem (Delayed Type)
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Fixed Drug Eruptions (Delayed Type)
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Exfoliative Dermatitis (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) (Delayed Type)
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Systemic Drug Reactions—Severe Drug Hypersensitivity Syndromes (DHS/DRESS) (Delayed Type)
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Isolated Drug-Induced Organ Damage (Delayed Type)
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Pediatric Aspects in Drug Allergy
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Drug Classes of Special Interest
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Treatment
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Referral
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Conclusions
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References
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10. Urticaria
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction and Historical Perspective
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Definitions and Classifications
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Epidemiology
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Natural History and Prognosis
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Disease Associations
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Diagnostic Approach
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Treatment of Urticaria
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References
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11. Atopic Dermatitis and Allergic Contact Dermatitis
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Atopic Dermatitis
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Introduction
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Historical Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis And Etiology
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Clinical Features (Phenotype)
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Complicating Features
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Recalcitrant Disease
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Experimental and Unproven Therapies
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Conclusions Regarding Ad
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Allergic Contact Dermatitis
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Introduction
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Clinical Features
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Referral
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Conclusions Regarding ACD
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What’s New in ACD
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References
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12. Food Allergy and Gastrointestinal Syndromes
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Epidemiology
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Clinical Features
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Food Allergy Treatment
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Emergency Management
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Conclusions
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References
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13. Anaphylaxis
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction
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Historical Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Pathophysiology
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Clinical Features (Phenotypes)
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Ongoing Management and Referral
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Conclusions
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References
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14. Occupational Allergy
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Introduction and Definitions
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Epidemiology
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Pathogenesis and Etiology
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Clinical Features
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Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis
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Outcomes and Treatment
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Prevention
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SocioEconomic Impact and Medicolegal Aspects
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Work-Related Anaphylaxis
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Conclusions
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References
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15. Insect Allergy
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Abstract
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Chapter Outline
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Summary of Important Concepts
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Stinging Insect Allergy
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Historical Perspective
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Epidemiology
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Etiology
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Insect Venoms
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Clinical Features and Classification of Reactions
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Patient Evaluation and Diagnosis
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Treatment of Acute Reactions
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Prevention of Acute Reactions
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Predictors of Risk for Sting Anaphylaxis
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Venom Immunotherapy
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Biting Insect Allergy
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Inhalant Insect Allergy
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Conclusions
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References
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A Appendix. Internet Resources
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Index
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